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21 Sep 08 NIKON® INTRODUCES THE 70-300MM F/4.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S VR ZOOM-NIKKOR LENS

Offers Enhanced VR (VRII) Vibration Reduction System in a Compact, 4.3x Lens for DX Format Digital and

MELVILLE, NY, AUGUST 9, 2006 - Inc. (www..com) today introduced the new 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S VR -Nikkor lens, a 4.3x lens that is ideal for telephoto shooting opportunities. It incorporates many of ’s most advanced attributes such as Extra Low Dispersion (ED) glass, Silent Wave Motor technology (SWM) and Enhanced Vibration Reduction (VR II), in a design engineered for use with both DX format digital and . With a high-powered 70-300mm range, the lens is ideal for sports, action, wildlife, travel and portrait , among other telephoto applications. When used on a DX format , this lens approximates the angle performance of a 105-450mm lens on a .

’s range of Nikkor with Vibration Reduction technology has grown substantially and the new 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S VR -Nikkor lens is another excellent addition, offering both digital and SLR an advanced high-powered lens in a surprisingly compact, lightweight design,” said Edward Fasano, general manager for Marketing, Products, at Inc. “High quality requires a challenging blend of art, science and, of course, photographic experience. With the new 70-300mm AF-S VR -Nikkor, engineers have again met that challenge, producing a lens whose delivers clarity and contrast typically found only in costing substantially more,” he added.

Beyond the lens’ incredible optical versatility is the benefit of Enhanced VR II Vibration Reduction - an innovation that makes it possible to take substantially sharper handheld at slower than would otherwise be possible. This provides the distinct advantage of being able to shoot more effectively in a much broader variety of challenging conditions. With the new VR II advantage, users can take at as many as 4 stops slower* than they ordinarily could shoot without the image degrading blur associated with camera shake at slow . ’s advanced VR technology further enhances taking potential with a choice of two modes to match most shooting conditions. VR Normal Mode primarily compensates for camera shake, and includes automatic panning detection, as well as automatic tripod detection. VR Active Mode effectively compensates for vibration in situations where it is more pronounced and more frequent, such as when shooting from a moving vehicle.

To further ensure outstanding , the 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S VR -Nikkor features two Extra-Low Dispersion (ED) glass elements and three complex aspherical lens elements that provide for higher , high-contrast while minimizing chromatic aberration, astigmatism and other forms of distortion. The lens also features ’s compact Silent Wave Motor technology (SWM), which combines fast and precise autofocusing with super-quiet operation, as well as Internal Focusing (IF) construction that allows the lens to focus without changing its external size, improving balance and handling characteristics.

The 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S VR -Nikkor lens will be available beginning October 2006 with a Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price of $669.00**. For more information about and Nikkor , please visit www..com.

About
, At the Heart of the Image™. Inc. is the world leader in digital imaging, precision and imaging technology and is globally recognized for setting new standards in product design and performance for its award-winning consumer and professional . Inc. distributes the Total Imaging System of consumer and professional cameras, Nikkor , Speedlights and System Accessories; COOLPIX® compact ; COOLSCAN® digital scanners; ; software products and sports and recreational . At the heart of every camera is ’s Exclusive Feature System, making it easy for anyone to take amazing digital . Through the Spirit Initiative™, the company, plays an active role in supporting aspiring and advanced through a variety of philanthropic organizations, educational programs, events and workshops. For more information, dial (800) -US or visit www..com, which links all levels of to the web’s most comprehensive learning and sharing communities.

*Under measurement conditions.

** Manufacturers Suggested Retail Prices (MSRP) are for reference only. Actual prices are set by dealers and are subject to change at any time.

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21 Sep 08 NIKON® INTRODUCES NEW 18-135MM F/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX ZOOM-NIKKOR LENS

MELVILLE, NY, AUGUST 9, 2006 - ® (www..com) today introduced the versatile, affordable new 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX -Nikkor lens, further expanding ’s successful line of DX Nikkor , engineered for use exclusively with ’s DX format cameras. Developed for use with all D-series Cameras, the 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX lens will be included as the compact, lightweight 7.5x lens in the recently announced D80™ 10.2- camera Outfit.

The 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX has a broad range (providing angle performance approximating a 28-200mm lens on a ) that is suitable for a wide variety of shooting situations, ranging from wide-angle landscapes to portraits, recreational sports, action and close-ups. This offers a selection of ’s highly regarded technologies such as compact Silent Wave motor (AF-S) for super fast and quiet autofocus operation, Extra-Low (ED) for minimized chromatic aberrations, and Internal Focusing (IF) for convenient and balanced handling.

“The new 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX is an excellent, all-encompassing lens that can be an ideal companion to any camera, especially the recently announced D80,” said Edward Fasano, general manager for Marketing, Products at Inc. “The 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX demonstrates remarkable along with wonderful compactness,” he added.

Designed exclusively for use with DX Format cameras, DX Nikkor deliver a versatile range of angle-of-view, higher performance, and outstanding center-to-edge-to-corner , while making possible smaller and lighter designs.

The 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF-S DX lens will be available beginning September 2006 for a suggested retail price of $485. The lens will also be sold packaged with the recently announced D80 10.2-megapixle camera. The packaged outfit will have an estimated street price of $1299.95*, offering substantial savings when purchased together.

About
, At the Heart of the Image™. Inc. is the world leader in digital imaging, precision and imaging technology and is globally recognized for setting new standards in product design and performance for its award-winning consumer and professional . Inc. distributes the Total Imaging System of consumer and professional cameras, Nikkor , Speedlights and System Accessories; COOLPIX® compact ; COOLSCAN® digital scanners; ; software products and sports and recreational . At the heart of every camera is ’s Exclusive Feature System, making it easy for anyone to take amazing digital . Through the Spirit Initiative™, the company, plays an active role in supporting aspiring and advanced through a variety of philanthropic organizations, educational programs, events and workshops. For more information, dial (800) -US or visit www..com, which links all levels of to the web’s most comprehensive learning and sharing communities.

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21 Sep 08 Nikon Unveils First Ever Macro Lens With Vibration Reduction

New Nikkor Lens Offers Quiet Autofocusing and Enhanced VR for Close-Up with digital and

MELVILLE, NY, FEBRUARY 21, 2006 - Professional and enthusiasts seeking the latest opportunity to enhance their extreme close-up and general possibilities can rely on ’s new 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor. Inc. (www..com) today introduced the world’s first macro lens equipped with Vibration Reduction (VR) and Silent Wave Motor (SWM) systems. Engineered for use with digital and , this lens offers a host of ’s advanced optical features and technologies including Nano Crystal Coat, Extra Low Dispersion (ED) glass and Internal Focusing (IF) design.

“We are excited to offer the 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor as the newest addition to ’s range of high performance Nikkor that deliver unmatched and advanced . Extreme close-up is one of the most demanding and popular forms of , and this significantly extends the range of conditions under which professionals and enthusiasts can achieve outstanding results,” said Edward Fasano, general manager for Marketing, Products, at Inc. “With enhanced VR II technology built into the lens, can shoot hand-held at up to four stops slower than would otherwise be possible, and still get razor sharp .”

Combined with the Silent Wave Motor technology and Internal Focusing system, the 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor provides handling characteristics that better enable superior close-up under a broad range low-light conditions. And like other high-performance Micro-Nikkor , the new 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor is perfectly suited for general as well.

The 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor features ’s enhanced Vibration Reduction System (VR II) which substantially improves high-quality hand held close-up shooting. The VR II function minimizes the negative effects of camera shake by offering users the ability to take at as many as 4 stops slower* than would otherwise be possible, without the image degrading blur associated with slow . ’s VR technology further enhances taking potential with a choice of two modes to match most shooting conditions. VR Normal Mode primarily compensates for camera shake, and includes automatic panning detection, as well as automatic tripod detection. VR Active Mode effectively compensates for vibration in situations where it is more pronounced and more frequent, such as when shooting from a moving vehicle.

The addition of SWM delivers faster and quieter auto-focusing, along with quick switching between autofocus and manual operation. Near-silent focusing can also be attributed to the Internal Focus (IF) design which also provides a constant lens length and eliminates front lens rotation, making it an ideal lens for use with the new Wireless Close-Up Speedlight System. Together, the SMW, VR II and IF components provide the sharp at close range (macro shooting focus of 31cm) without disturbing the subject during focus.

The 105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor optical formula is highlighted with ’s Nano Crystal Coat and Extra Low Dispersion (ED) glass. These highly advanced optical technologies provide higher-quality and high-contrast by reducing chromatic aberrations and virtually eliminating reflections caused by multiple internal lens elements.
The AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor 105mm f/2.8G IF-ED lens will be available beginning in March 2006 for an estimated selling price of approximately $799.00**. For more information about and the Nikkor brand of , please visit www..com.

105mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR Micro-Nikkor: Major Features

- The world’s first macro lens equipped with SWM and VR systems
- VR II Vibration Reduction technology allows to shoot hand-held at as many as 4 slower* (at near infinity to 1/3x shooting and approx. 1 step at near 1:1) than would otherwise be possible, assuring dramatically sharper hand-held .
- Incorporates Silent Wave Motor (SWM) for fast and quiet autofocusing, and quick switching between autofocus and manual operation.
- Engineered for use with digital and .
- Offers a 105mm ( angle equivalent to 157.5mm with DX format).
- Design incorporates 14 elements in 12 groups (with 1 ED glass and 1 Nano Crystal Coat-deposited lens elements).
- ED glass and Nano Crystal Coat combine to minimize chromatic aberration, providing higher and high-contrast .
- Employs a nine-blade rounded diaphragm opening ensuring that out-of-focus elements appear more natural.
- Offers a Maximum reproduction ratio of 1:1.
- Enables focusing from as close as 31cm (12.2 in.) from the subject through its entire focal range.
- M/A mode for rapid switching between autofocus and manual focus operation.
- Internal Focusing (IF) design simplifies the use of circular polarizing filters.
- HB-38 Bayonet Lens Hood (included) greatly reduces stray light, enhancing .
- Supplied with CL-1020 Flexible Lens Pouch

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21 Sep 08 Nikon Adds New 18-200MM Lens to its Nikkor Line of Lenses

Offers Enhanced VR Vibration Reduction System in a Compact and Lightweight 11.1x High Power Lens for

MELVILLE, NY, NOVEMBER 1, 2005 – Inc. (www..com) today introduced the new 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor lens, a compact, lightweight 11.1x lens that is ideal for high performance everyday and incorporates advanced features such as ’s Extra Low Dispersion (ED) glass, Silent Wave Motor technology (SWM) and Enhanced Vibration Reduction (VR II), in a DX-Nikkor design engineered exclusively for use with DX format cameras. With a remarkable 18-200mm range ( angle equivalent to a 27-300mm lens in format), the lens conveniently covers everything from wide landscapes to tight portraits and action . Advanced engineering has lent the lens a compact lightweight design that offers excellent handling characteristics and superb optical quality.

“’s range of DX Nikkor , designed specifically for cameras, has grown substantially since the introduction of the category, and the new 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor lens is an excellent addition offering an advanced all-purpose lens with superb and Enhanced Vibration Reduction ,” said Edward Fasano, general manager for Marketing, Products, at Inc. “Nikkor are famous for their breathtaking , optimal contrast and consistent color rendition across its range of with varying focal lengths. Now with the 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor, will be able to take advantage of remarkable versatility in one lens with assurance of the outstanding Nikkor image performance that has made Nikkor renowned worldwide.”

Beyond the lens’ incredible optical versatility is the benefit of Enhanced VR II Vibration Reduction an innovation that makes it possible to take substantially sharper handheld at slower than would otherwise be possible. This provides the distinct advantage of being able to shoot more effectively in a much broader variety of challenging conditions. With the new VR II advantage, users can take at as many as 4 stops slower* than they ordinarily could shoot without the image degrading blur associated with camera shake at slow . ’s VR technology further enhances taking potential with a choice of two modes to match most shooting conditions. VR Normal Mode primarily compensates for camera shake, and includes automatic panning detection, as well as automatic tripod detection. VR Active Mode effectively compensates for vibration in situations where it is more pronounced and more frequent, such as when shooting from a moving vehicle.

To further ensure outstanding , the 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor features two Extra-Low Dispersion (ED) glass elements and three complex aspherical lens elements that provide for higher , high-contrast while minimizing chromatic aberration, astigmatism and other forms of distortion. The lens also features ’s compact Silent Wave Motor technology (SWM), which combines fast and precise autofocusing with super-quiet operation, as well as Internal Focusing (IF) construction that allows the lens to focus without changing its external size, improving balance and handling chrematistics.

All of ’s DX Nikkor are engineered exclusively for use with DX format cameras, making the lens smaller and lighter while providing exceptional center-to-edge-to-corner and overall . With the addition of the 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor lens, can choose from over 50 Nikkor , ranging from the amazing 10.5mm f/2.8G ED AF DX Fisheye to the astounding 600mm f/4D ED-IF AF-S II super Telephoto.

The 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor lens will be available beginning in December 2005 for an estimated selling price of $699.95**. For more information about and the Nikkor brand of , please visit www..com.

18-200mm f/3.5-5.6G IF-ED AF-S DX VR -Nikkor Major Features

• Offers the broad 18-200mm focal range (11.1x ) for use in a variety of situations (equivalent to a 27-300 mm lens in format)
• VR II Vibration Reduction system offers the practical equivalent of using a 4 stops faster
• Two ED glass and three complex aspherical lens elements minimize chromatic aberration, astigmatism and other forms of distortion, while ensuring high and contrast
• Incorporates a compact SWM (Silent Wave Motor) for quiet focusing
􀂃 Delivers high-level that is specially designed for use with the
• Employs a seven-blade rounded diaphragm opening that achieves a natural blur for out-of-focus elements
• Enables focusing from as close as 50cm (20 in.) from the subject through its entire focal range
• M/A mode for rapid switching between autofocus and manual focus operation
• Internal Focusing (IF) design simplifies the use of circular polarizing filters
• Super Integrated Coating (SIC) offers superb color reproduction while minimizing ghosting and flare
• Flower-shaped Lens Hood HB-35 (included) greatly reduces stray light, enhancing

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21 Sep 08 Nikon Expands Nikkor Lens Line With Two New DX Lenses for D50 Digital SLR Camera

- New AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED Lens Offers Versatile Range in a Lightweight, Ultra-Compact Package
- New AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED Lens Brings Powerful Telephoto in a Highly Compact Design

MELVILLE, NY, APRIL 20, 2005 - Inc. (www..com) today unveiled two new DX format Nikkor to accompany its growing line of cameras, including the new D50™. The AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED and AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED deliver legendary Nikkor within ultra-compact, lightweight and affordable designs, to provide superb quality for . These two new join a growing line-up of DX Nikkor that are designed and optimized for ’s cameras.

“Memorable rely on several factors that certainly begin with an expertly engineered camera equipped with a superior lens. and Nikkor interchangeable work in perfect concert to make remarkable possible for anyone. Nikkor are famous for their ability to record breathtaking , balanced with optimal contrast, accurate and consistent color, all to significantly improve overall ,” said Edward Fasano, General Manager of Marketing at Inc. “’s new AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED and AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED incorporate the same quality and exclusive optical technologies that have made Nikkor world renowned among professional .”

AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED

Pre-packaged as an ideal companion lens for the new D50 camera, the new AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED is a versatile lens created for a broad range of consumers ranging from occasional weekend snap-shooters to the avid enthusiast. It is an ultra-compact, lightweight standard lens with a 3x range that is ideal for everyday . With a popular 18-55mm range, the lens can be conveniently used to everything from wide angle landscapes to portraits and is well suited for use at parties, on vacation, and other occasions.

AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED

The new AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED brings far-away subjects to the without the burden of carrying a large . Zooming in on those elusive action shots at soccer or baseball games will fill the frame with that would be otherwise impossible to capture. Its impressive range of 55-200mm allows users the versatility to capture everything from razor-sharp candid portraits to sports, nature and even wildlife . Despite its long range, the AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED is remarkably compact and lightweight, and proves to be a formidable companion to the instant responsiveness and the impressive speed of the new D50 camera.

To ensure outstanding , both new also feature ’s exclusive Extra-Low Dispersion (ED) glass to minimize chromatic aberrations, and Silent Wave Motor technology (SWM) for fast, quiet auto-focusing. All of ’s DX Nikkor are optimized for the DX format sensors found in all cameras, making the lens smaller, lighter and with exceptional center-to-edge-to-corner and performance. With the addition of the AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED and AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED , can choose from 50 Nikkor , ranging from the amazing 10.5mm f/2.8G ED AF DX Fisheye to the astounding 600mm f/4D

ED-IF AF-S II super Telephoto.

Both AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6G ED and AF-S DX -Nikkor 55-200mm f/4-5.6G ED will be available in June 2005 for an estimated selling price of $179.95 and $249.95*, respectively. For more information about and the Nikkor brand of , please visit www..com.

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21 Sep 08 Nikon Adds New AF-S NR 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED Lens To Growing Line of Optics Dedicated To Nikon Digital SLR Cameras

MELVILLE, NY, JANUARY 28, 2005 - Marking another significant advancement in , ® (www.nikondigitalusa.com), the world leader in , today introduced the versatile new AF-S DX Nikkor™ 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED lens, further expanding ’s successful line of DX Nikkor digital-dedicated . Developed to be compatible with all D-series Cameras, the AF-S DX 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED lens will be included as the standard lens in the recently announced D70 camera Outfit.

The AF-S DX 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED covers a very popular range (equivalent to 27-105mm in format), and offers a selection of ’s highly regarded technologies such as Silent Wave motor (AF-S) for super fast and quiet autofocus operation, Extra-Low (ED) for minimized chromatic aberrations, and Internal Focusing (IF) for convenient and balanced handling. In addition, the AF-S DX 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED also incorporates hallmark features that customers have come to expect from Nikkor , such as distance information guide window, a reliable metal lens mount for years of durability, and a M/A mode for seamless switching between autofocus and manual modes.

“With the introduction of the remarkable new D70 camera, the AF-S DX 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED lens fulfills the need among customers for a versatile, compact that offers a popular range and advanced features,” said Richard LoPinto, vice president for systems, , Inc. “Less than 13 months ago, announced its first DX Nikkor lens, and today with the introduction of the AF-S DX 18-70mm
f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED, has expanded this line to include four , offering the broadest range of digital-dedicated in the market, all with exceptional performance, quality and value,” he added.

Designed exclusively for use with DX Format , DX Nikkor deliver a versatile range of angle-of-view, higher performance, and outstanding center-to-edge-to-corner , while realizing smaller and lighter designs. All DX Nikkor have a angle comparable to that of format with a 1.5x factor. Since the introduction of the DX Nikkor , the series has grown to include four . These include:

* AF-S DX -Nikkor 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5 IF-ED: 76 degrees - 22 degrees
50′ angle-of-view

* AF-S DX -Nikkor 17-55mm f/2.8G IF-ED: 79 degrees - 28 degrees 50′
angle-of-view

* AF-S DX -Nikkor 12-24mm f/4G IF-ED: 99 degrees - 61 degrees
angle-of-view

* AF DX Fisheye-Nikkor 10.5mm f/2.8G ED lens: 180 degrees angle-of-view

When used with a camera and Capture(TM) software, shot with the AF DX Fisheye-Nikkor 10.5mm lens can be transformed into ultra-wide angle rectilinear with a choice of 100 degrees and 130 degrees horizontal angles of view.

The AF-S DX 18-70mm f/3.5-4.5G IF-ED will be packaged with the newly announced D70 camera. The D70 Outfit (including lens) will be available for a suggested retail price of $1999, and an anticipated street price of $1299. Sold separately, the lens will have a suggested retail price of $590. The lens will be available in Spring 2004.

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21 Sep 08 Nikon Steadies the Action With New AF-S VR Nikkor 300MM F2.8G IF-ED Lens

Popular Long Range, Fast Aperture Lens Now Features ’s Renowned Vibration Reduction Technology

MELVILLE, NY, SEPTEMBER 16, 2004 - (www..com), the world leader in , today announced an all-new AF-S VR f/2.8G IF-ED super- that features ’s remarkable Vibration Reduction (VR) technology. Designed to work seamlessly with ’s digital and , this offers professional sports and action a high level of quality, precision and performance.

shooters will attest that Vibration Reduction technology works more effectively in achieving sharper in low light or shaky conditions than any other existing technology. Now sports and action can reap the benefits of VR in a they most often use. Coupled with the added advantage of ’s new Nano-Crystal AR coat, can expect very sharp, high-contrast from the new AF-S VR f/2.8G IF-ED lens,” said Jerry Grossman, vice president of Marketing, Inc.

Based on the extremely popular and well received AF-S f/2.8G IF-ED II, the has been upgraded in specifications and performance to fully satisfy professional . The first addition to this fast and powerful lens is the benefit of VR (Vibration Reduction) - an innovation that allows to take high-quality handheld shots indoors and in dark locations at three stops slower without compromising the of the . A choice of two VR modes allows to best match their shooting conditions and further augments the effectiveness of VR performance. Normal mode primarily compensates for camera shake, and includes automatic panning detection as well as automatic tripod detection. Active mode effectively compensates for vibration in situations where it is pronounced and frequent, such as when shooting from a moving vehicle.

Along with the adoption of VR technology, the also offers handy access to a control pad on the side of the barrel for seamless usability. A Focus Mode switch enables instant and easy switching between M/A (Manual-Priority Autofocus) and M (Manual Focus) modes, while a Focus Limiter switch restricts AF-servo movement within a selected shooting distance range. New Focus Preset buttons can instantly recall a preset focal point - a priceless feature when shooting sports need to quickly return focus to a specific location such as a base or a team’s goal.

The AF-S VR f/2.8G IF-ED also benefits from ’s new Nano-Crystal AR Coat, which demonstrates superior anti-reflective properties to virtually eliminate ghost and flare to provide clear and vivid when shooting under powerful sunlight or indoors under spotlights.

The features already incorporated in the lens’ predecessor are carried over as well. This includes ’s exclusive SWM (Silent Wave Motor) that combines fast and accurate autofocusing with super-quiet operation, ED glass elements that minimize chromatic aberration, Internal Focusing (IF) for smoother focusing and a better balanced body, as well as a rubber ring on the lens mount that delivers the same level of resistance to dust and drops of water as ’s such as the F6 and D2X and D2H.

Compatibility with ’s TC-14EII (1.4x), new TC-17EII (1.7x), and TC-20EII (2.0x) teleconverters extends the flexibility and total reach of the lens to as long as 600mm when mounted on a SLR. When mounted on a , can achieve an angle of view equivalent to a 900mm lens.

The AF-S VR f/2.8G IF-ED lens is scheduled to be available at authorized dealers beginning January 2005.

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20 Sep 08 Digital Camera Basics - Want To Stop Being An Idiot And Learn How Digital Cameras Work?

Author: Mike Singh

With the advancement of the and the software that is made for them, most look professional from the first click of the camera. But like most things, it is important to understand the “how and why” for higher quality results.

The basics of a revolve around terms like , count, , sensor, sensitivity, optical , or digital . These improve your understanding of what digital is all about, and will help you become a more efficient .

For example, one important term is . A typical may have a digital that is as big as a small finger nail. Most 5MP use a sensor that is 7mm x 5mm in size. This is much smaller than the size of the negative of a camera. However, high-end have large sensors, and generate superior . These are important things to know, to see how can be better or worse.

also have sensitivity settings similar to ISO ratings on . Most will have settings for sensitivity equivalent to ISO 100 and . Many also have a setting for . A few expensive cameras with large sensors have settings for ISO 3200 or even for ISO 6400.

Most have an optical and a digital . An optical by changing the and magnification while the is being utilized - with the remaining high. Digital works by cropping the image to a smaller size. The cropped image is enlarged to fill the frame, causing a significant loss of quality.

The manufacturers of use the term “ count” to describe their camera’s . The word originates from “(PIC)ture (EL)ement”- with the use of phonics added for emphasis. It represents a single point in a - not a dot but an abstract sample that can be reproduced in any size, without a dot or square appearance.

A is important to understand because it is the basic unit of measurement, used to define a digital . The more the number of pixels per square inch, the higher the of a digital , increasing its clarity. Some examples would be 2,400 pixels per inch, 640 pixels per line, or spaced 10 pixels apart. Designers, artists, and sometimes interchange the terminology, such as dots per inch (dpi) with pixels per inch (ppi). The dpi is used when it refers to the printer’s for the printing density. Each is made up of three color channels - red, green and blue-and has a numerical value of between 0 and 255.

The count also decides the size of a print in case you want to print . A 3MP camera can provide excellent 4×6 inch prints, while a 4 or 5MP can deliver high quality 8×10 inch prints. With a you can pick the to suit the light source. This is meant to ensure that white looks white, and not yellow or blue. Normally, your will do this automatically. You can also set the yourself for better effects.

Since each generates three bytes of data, a using a 3MP camera will need a space of 9 million bytes or 9MB to store a single image. This is a huge amount of space. Camera companies therefore allow for a compression of image using a format called JPEG. This reduces the file size significantly but while doing so a lot of data is lost. To overcome this problem companies have come up with different formats. calls it RAW while calls it NEF. The data loss is less in these formats.

The low end cameras used by beginners can shoot whose count is one million is categorized as 1 MP or one million camera because the intensity of each is variable, with each having three or four dimensions of variability - such as red, green and blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. The high-end cameras used by professionals, can range from 14MP to 22MP with a count as high as 14 million or 22 million per image.

The thing to remember is the higher the , the more realistic the image is, matching closest what the actual image is. So take your time, do some research, and talk to people who know cameras. Otherwise, a lot of money will be spent on something that is barely adequate for what you want.

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19 Sep 08 Digital Camera Basics-resolution, Exposure, Focus, and Storage

Author: Brian Lee

The amount of detail that a camera can capture is called the , and it is measured in pixels. The more pixels a camera has, the more detail it can capture and the larger can be without becoming blurry or “grainy.” High-end can capture over 12 million pixels. Some support over 16 million pixels (), or 20 million pixels for large-format cameras. For comparison, it has been estimated that the quality of is about 20 million pixels.

Exposure and Focus

Just as with , a has to control the amount of light that reaches the sensor. The two components it uses to do this, the aperture and , are also present on .

Aperture: The size of the opening in the camera. The aperture is automatic in most , but some allow manual adjustment to give professionals and hobbyists more control over the final image.

: The amount of time that light can pass through the aperture. Unlike , the in a can be reset electronically, so have a digital shutter rather than a .

These two aspects work together to capture the amount of light needed to make a good image. In , they set the exposure of the sensor.

In addition to controlling the amount of light, the camera has to adjust the to control how the light is focused on the sensor. In general, the on are very similar to — some can even use conventional . Most use automatic focusing techniques.

The , however, is one important difference between the lens of a and the lens of a camera. The is the distance between the lens and the surface of the sensor. Sensors from different manufacturers vary widely in size, but in general they’re smaller than a piece of . In order to project the image onto a smaller sensor, the is shortened by the same proportion.

also determines the magnification, or , when you look through the camera. In cameras, a 50mm lens gives a natural view of the subject. Increasing the increases the magnification, and objects appear to get closer. The reverse happens when decreasing the . A lens is any lens that has an adjustable , and can have optical or digital — some have both. Some cameras also have macro focusing capability, meaning that the camera can take from very close to the subject.

have one of four types of :

1) Fixed-focus, fixed- - These are the kinds of on disposable and inexpensive cameras — inexpensive and great for , but fairly limited.

2) Optical- with automatic focus - Similar to the lens on a video camcorder, these have “wide” and “telephoto” options and automatic focus. The camera may or may not support manual focus. These actually change the of the lens rather than just magnifying the information that hits the sensor.

3) Digital- - With digital , the camera takes pixels from the center of the and interpolates (alters) them to make a full-sized image. Depending on the of the image and the sensor, this approach may create a grainy or fuzzy image. You can manually do the same thing with image processing software — simply snap a , cut out the center and magnify it.

4) Replaceable lens systems - These are similar to the replaceable on a camera. Some can use camera .

of

Most have an so you can view your right away. This is one of the great advantages of a — you get immediate feedback on what you capture. Of course, viewing the image on your camera would lose its charm if that’s all you could do. You want to be able to load the into your computer or send it directly to a printer. There are several ways to do this.

Although most of today’s cameras are capable of connecting through serial, parallel, SCSI, USB, or FireWire connections, they usually also use some sort of removable device. use a number of systems. These are like reusable, digital , and they use a caddy or card reader to transfer the data to a computer. Many involve fixed or removable . manufacturers often develop their own proprietary devices, including SmartMedia cards, cards and Sticks. Other removable device include floppy disks, hard disks (external, or microdrives), and writeable CD’s and DVD’s.

Regardless of what type of they use, all need lots of room for . They usually store in one of two formats — TIFF, which is uncompressed, and JPEG, which is compressed. Most cameras use the JPEG file format for storing , and they sometimes offer quality settings (such as medium or high).

To make the most of their space, almost all use some sort of additional data compression to make the files smaller. One compression routine takes advantage of patterns that repeat. The image can be reconstructed exactly as it was recorded, reducing the file size no more than 50%, often much less. Another compression routine called irrelevancy eliminates some of the more meaningless data, taking advantage of the fact that record more information than the human eye can easily detect.

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18 Sep 08 Top 20 Questions to Consider When Buying a Digital Camera

Author: aldrin garcia

My top 20 key questions to ask yourself when buying a .

1. How many “” /?

Once and for all, at least to me, you have to get the highest your money can buy at the time you buy. Period.

2. Who made the lens?

Most cameras will give you an idea where the lens was made just by looking at the front of the lens. Know if the lens of your camera came from a reputable company like , Zeiss, , Etc… Lens quality is one of the most important factors you should consider especially if you’re going to use it for commercial, technical or scientific purposes.

3. Will I need interchangeable ? How many are available for my specific camera in mind?

Having the option of interchangeable gives you the freedom to experiment with different kinds of focal lengths. Although some P&S (point and shoot) cameras can rival ’s with a generous range for a non interchangeable lens system.

Also note the number of available for use with your specific camera because of flexibility reasons. You can practically cover the entire “ range” with interchangeable versus modest ranges on non interchangeable lens systems or P&S cameras.

4. Does it have a capability? What’s the range?

Almost all applications that I listed above will need some form of zooming in (telephoto) or out (wide angle), especially if you don’t have the space to move around the object you are shooting.

For Landscape shots, wide angle shots are very common and appealing while zooming in on the details serves as a break and complements the wide angle shots.

For weddings and events, you need a because there will be times where you are limited by the shooting space and you will have a difficult time moving around. Its a good thing to know that you can do all sorts of framing without even moving from your position.

A nice will give you the efficiency and versatility in your , so my suggestion is to go for the longest range you can get (usually from a 7X to a 10X for Point and Shoots).

Also note the speed of zooming in or out as this will be a factor if you’re shooting events like weddings. You will fail to capture that “decisive moment” on a mediocre speed.

5. Does it have the provision to capture raw ?

Many will say you’ll need this feature if you want to have big prints from your . Although this is correct, the main reason why you will want this is because of the benefit it will give you…pure total control of your … from exposure, color, metadata, hdr and a lot more.

6. Can I attach an external ?

Having an external capability will give you the power and creative freedom to light your subjects any which way you like.

You can connect your to all sorts of lighting equipment thus giving you more options and versatility. This comes in the form of a hotshoe or a PC-Sync socket.

If your doesn’t have this feature, there is still hope because accessories called slaves are being sold by third party companies in different flavors that will also do the same job more or less.

7. Does it have a tripod socket?

Some of the most beautiful landscape that I’ve seen are undoubtedly made with a tripod, so this is a must have if you are planning to do this kind of .

The “ shots” in a wedding, still life and product shots, studio and fine art shots … all need a tripod for successful execution… so guess what happens if you don’t have a tripod socket?… You cannot effectively use a tripod!

8. Does it have automatic and manual focusing?

It will not be evident at first why you’ll need this especially if you’re just starting out in . But if you’re like me… A total control freak when it comes to cameras… and you really want to express your creative side, this is definitely a must have.

9. Can you attach filters to it? and what filter size?

Creative expression through special effects is just one of the many reasons that makes fun and interesting, and experimenting with filters is one creative pursuit you should try with your especially if you’re a beginner.

Always remember to ask if the particular you are eyeing for can handle filters and ask for the filter size. (To save you from buying the right filter with the wrong filter size) Please note that most should be able to to handle filters as most that come with it have a filter thread built into the lens.

Most P&S (point and shoot) normally doesn’t have a filter thread built-in and might need special accessories to accomplish this so you should check to know for sure.

Again, there are many third party accessories that you could buy to adapt filters to your P&S that don’t have this provisions. I’ll discuss all about this in a future post so watch for it. (Or subscribe to my announcement list (feed via email) so you’ll know when it’s up.

10. Can I upgrade the firmware?

The good thing about some manufacturers is that they keep on improving their even after they sold it to you… this comes in the form of a firmware upgrade.

Usually this involves an improvement on one or many features of a camera. Be sure that the you’re planning to buy has an easy way of upgrading its firmware. This comes in the form of either an easy download via the manufacturer’s website (find it and bookmark it now) or a FREE CDROM.

Another caveat - be sure to consider if a downgrade is also possible or available with your … Why is there a need a downgrade you ask?… Because, you may want to reinstall an earlier firmware… just in case you don’t like the results from a firmware upgrade.

Occasionally there’s a feature that will be removed by the upgrade that you failed to read about and you decided that you just want to keep that feature instead of a bunch of trivial upgrades from the new firmware. (Yes, I personally experienced this.)

11. Are there extra goodies or software that come with it?

Some people ignore the fact that you can save a lot of money just by doing a simple arithmetic. Did you know that you could actually get your for a lot less if you study the deals and offers on the marketplace?

If you buy a and it comes with software that you can really use… like photoshop, elements, or any other software for that matter, then you already saved some money you would otherwise spend. Some dealers will throw in lots of extras… If you just simply ask.

Always try to ask for these things that you’ll end up buying anyway if you don’t - like camera bags, extra , extra , cards, tripod, etc. Trust me… you will end up buying these things if you don’t ask for it on the deal. What have you got to lose? Simply ASK. Would you believe that I effectively lowered one of my cost by as much as 30%? Ask away.

12. Is there Local Support in your area?

Finding the answer to this one will give you a great benefit in the long run. Wouldn’t you sleep better at night because you feel that extra security - that in case there is something wrong with your , you can bring it in for repair at a moments notice?

Not knowing when your camera will be repaired (or if it even arrived at a distant repair facility) is one of the worst feelings a can have especially if you’re in the middle of a photoshoot or project.

13. What type of warranty does it have? Worldwide / Countrywide?

If you travel a lot its good to know that a countrywide or even better - a worldwide warranty can get your camera fixed wherever you are. Always bring the warranty card and glue it on your camera bag.

14. Does it have the ability to take video and audio?

I know, most DSLRs don’t have this function. But some non interchangeable lens DSLRs have it. This is a very useful feature to have if you’re on a project or photoshoot and want to document or record a procedure, a moment, or an idea that you would otherwise have trouble remembering or even writing. It’s always a good idea to bring a P&S camera backup that have this function.

The things that you could do with audio and videoclips on a photoshoot are only limited by your imagination… interviews, documentation, funny quips, training procedures, bloopers, etc..

15. Does it have a manual ?

is one of the most interesting aspects of . Its fun and fascinating to work with. Having this option puts the fun-o-meter way way up. In future posts, I will be discussing in detail so be sure to stay tuned.

16. How sensitive is it to infrared?

If you’re planning to make infrared or enter the exciting world of Infrared fine art then you’ll want to know if your can do it.

TIP: There is a simple way to test how sensitive your is to infrared using a very common device - a TV remote control. For P&S, you can aim the remote control towards the lens and gauge how bright the LED from remote is. This should give you an idea how sensitive your is to infrared. For DSLRs you will need to take shots of the LED and experiment a little or you can simply research or the particular you have in mind for other people’s experiences and thoughts about it.

17. How high is the ISO sensitivity? Is it manually adjustable?

ISO sensitivity is a term referring to the sensitivity of to light. In the world, it refers to the sensitivity of the in your in relation to the ISO standard used for .

The higher the ISO sensitivity of your camera the faster or better it can record a specific amount of light.

High ISO sensitivity is useful for taking better in dark settings… such as inside a church or at night. The higher the ISO setting, the more details you can capture of a dark scene.

One caveat - take note of the amount of noise a particular camera exhibits at higher ISOs. Some people like it and some don’t. Again, don’t be afraid to ask or do research on the noise characteristics of your in mind to see if this is the right choice for you.

18. How high or low can you set the shutterspeed? What are the minimum and maximum aperture settings?

Shutterspeed and aperture settings are the basic mechanisms that drive your camera and controls the amount of light that is exposed by the or .

You use high shutterspeeds in action shots and to prevent camera shake, and you use low shutterspeeds for movement effects and bulb or long exposures. You can check for these figures on the websites that I gave you in part 1. You can see it in the technical specifications for a particular camera.

A bulb or “T” function is a nice feature to have because you can take exposures for virtually very long periods of time. Another feature to have is if your camera has a remote control to use this bulb or “T” mode. This gives you the capability to take without holding your camera and adding to the “camera shake”.

With the subject of apertures, a small one (small aperture opening) lets you have a wider depth of field so your shots are sharp from near to far versus a large aperture (big aperture opening) where your shots have a narrow depth of field and appear “selectively focused”.

19. Does it have some form of an ?

New cameras coming out as we speak often have this feature. Simply put, an is some form of a mechanism built into the lens or the (depending on the manufacturer and their implementation) that basically prevents you from getting blurred when taking in low light or you are using a long or . Having this feature can mean the difference between a blurry (aka no !) to a usable one.

20. How close can it focus? Macro abilities?

The closer your camera can focus… the bigger the of an object you can take in relation to the image dimensions of the final … and the bigger the of the object… the more detail you can get. If you want to take of small objects such as flowers and fine details then this is a must-have.

That’s it. Whew.

Do you really have to go over all these questions?… Of course not, but even if you only study and ponder on half of them…and take the time… I promise you that one thing will surely happen…

You’ll be…

a lot smarter!

than when you first started asking these questions… ergo you’ll be in a better position to decide what to buy… Because you are now armed with the most powerful tool anybody can have

the power of information!

In any case, I hope you find as much value in these questions as many of my friends have and be able to get the camera of your dreams.

Enjoy!

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